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| Nelson, Gerald C; University of Illinois; gnelson@uiuc.edu; Bennett, Elena; McGill University;; Berhe, Asmeret A; University of California at Berkeley;; Cassman, Kenneth; University of Nebraska;; DeFries, Ruth; University of Maryland;; Dietz, Thomas; Michigan State University;; Dobermann, Achim; University of Nebraska;; Dobson, Andrew; Princeton University;; Janetos, Anthony; Joint Global Change Research Institute;; Levy, Marc; Columbia University;; Nakicenovic, Nebojsa; Vienna University of Technology;; O'Neill, Brian; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis;; Norgaard, Richard; University of California at Berkeley;; Petschel-Held, Gerhard; ;; Ojima, Dennis; Colorado State University;; Pingali, Prabhu; FAO;; Watson, Robert; World Bank;; Zurek, Monika; FAO;. |
| This paper provides an overview of what the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) calls “indirect and direct drivers” of change in ecosystem services at a global level. The MA definition of a driver is any natural or human-induced factor that directly or indirectly causes a change in an ecosystem. A direct driver unequivocally influences ecosystem processes. An indirect driver operates more diffusely by altering one or more direct drivers. Global driving forces are categorized as demographic, economic, sociopolitical, cultural and religious, scientific and technological, and physical and biological. Drivers in all categories other than physical and biological are considered indirect. Important direct drivers include changes in climate,... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Drivers of change; Direct drivers; Indirect drivers; Demographic drivers; Economic drivers; Sociopolitical drivers; Cultural and religious drivers; Scientific and technological drivers; Physical and biological drivers; Climate change; Plant nutrient use; Land conversion; Diseases; Invasive species. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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